Things You Should Know About Spatial Analysis: A Complete Guide For Engineering Students

Research in engineering is all about discovering something new with systematic order. Engineers are meant to solve problems. The problem can be in any form, including design, behaviour, machine, or structure. With the help of an analysis technique, workable solutions can be made. In engineering, you can discuss a person as well as a machine. The discussion on a human is made in terms of mathematical expressions. One of the best examples is spatial analysis. You can find the major role of spatial analysis in engineering. Therefore, this article aims to discuss different aspects of spatial analysis in detail.

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What is Spatial Analysis?

It is a type of geographical analysis that works well with spatial expressions. You can use this analysis in engineering as well as in other fields of study. In simple words, you can use this analysis as per the research question of the study. From field to field, the pattern of analysis can vary. In engineering, the role of mathematics and geometry is more. Here, you can take the example of location analysis. Also, you can use this analysis technique to identify a particular network’s growth pattern. Other than spatial analysis, you can find it as spatial statistics. It refers to the more technical aspect of the research problem. All engineering students need to understand spatial statistics’ conceptual and particle guidelines. There are different approaches to using this analysis technique. So, as an engineering student, you must be clear about the best use of each approach.

In engineering, the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) is very frequent. In GIS, you can solve different problems by using spatial analysis. The simple process is to identify a problem geographically and process it digitally. The result obtained through the whole process needs critical examination. The examination of the result is also a part of this analysis. In this way, you can solve many location-oriented problems using GIS analysis. Also, there are some best dissertation writing services available that you can hire in case of any issues.

What are the 6 Concepts that you must know?

Being an engineering student, you must be clear about some basic spatial analysis concepts. There are six basic concepts as mentioned below:

• Queries and reasoning
• Measurements
• Transformations
• Descriptive summaries
• Optimisation
• Hypothesis testing

Let’s have a brief discussion on each concept.

Queries and Reasoning

In geographic information science, the spatial technique covers two fundamental concepts. These concepts include queries as well as reasoning. At the time of using geographic information science, you need to add a query that the system will assess. In queries and reasoning, you do not have to make any changes in the database. Also, the GIS do not make any amendments to the database. At this step, things remain in their original form. The GIS asks a question in a particular context, that is, spatial context. Queries and reasoning are two abilities of spatial techniques in GIS. These abilities help GIS identify and relate different aspects of the database.

Measurements

When you have geographical data under discussion, you need to evaluate it in terms of different measurements. Other than spatial and engineering context, when discussing a location, it is always in terms of land properties. It includes the length, width and distance of a particular object that is under study. Also, you may have to refer to one location concerning other. In this case, you must find the location’s direction (East, West, North, and South) and route. All such aspects are the basic properties of the geographic problem. The same aspects are taken as measurements in GIS. It is also common to call these properties numeric values in GIS spatial analysis.

Transformations

In a spatial context, you must clearly understand raster and vector data. Raster data refers to a different matrix, including cells of rows and columns. In simple words, you can take maps and aerial pictures as the best examples of raster data. In contrast, vector data refers to the different attributes of data. You can find different lines and points presenting particular locations or objects in this data type. Also, it includes polygons that are made by connecting some coordinate points in geography. The transformation is the shift of one data type to the other one. For example, you have raster data. Here, GIS can change it into vector data through the feature of transformation.

Similarly, it has the ability to transform vector data into raster data. There are some operations that help in transformation. These operations cover arithmetic and geometric rules.

Descriptive Summaries

Descriptive summaries help in getting the core purpose of the database. For this, you have to use statistical techniques. It can be in the form of data mean or standard deviation of data. The concept of descriptive summaries makes it easy to understand the database pattern in the form of numeric.

Optimisation

Spatial optimisation is also a technique to find the best suitable solution for the query of study. With the help of optimising a database, you can have many other solutions in the form of alternatives. Your database has more than one constraint that impacts the final solution. So, the technique of optimisation gives you a mid-way by increasing or decreasing the values of constraints.

Hypothesis Testing

The last and most important concept related to spatial analysis is hypothesis testing. In this technique, you can make the best use of an available database. You can ask someone who has already worked at the given location. Based on the information provided in the database, you can develop basic assumptions that can help you in hypothesis testing.

Final Thoughts

By understanding the basic concepts of spatial analysis, you can solve many complex engineering problems. Without having a clear idea about these concepts, you cannot process the system in the right direction. Also, you cannot access the error in the process. Therefore, every engineering student must grasp these concepts before using spatial analysis. These concepts help in the evaluation of data patterns, and you can identify the risk associated with each pattern.

Author Bio:

Robert Fawl is a professional Content Writer based in London, UK. He is an author and blogger with experience in writing different academic assignments. If you need dissertation writing services to write a dissertation, you can contact him.